MICROBES - The microorganisms that cannot be seen by naked eyes.
IN EXTREME CONDITION - 100°c
Ex- archaebacteria.
Deep inside the soil
Acid and base
Microbes are bacteria, virus, bacteriophages, fungus, viroids, and prions- proteinaceous infection agent
Ex - mad cow disease
Microbes like bacteria and many fungi can be grown on nutritive media to form colonies.
MICROBES IN HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS
Lactobacillus and some other LAB.
Function - Milk convert into curd.
1. Lactic acid bacteria digested the protein of milk.
2. Coagulate the milk protein.
3. Increased the amount of vitamin B12.
4. Bacteria keep a check on other diseases causing microbes.
BREAD AND BEER
Bread - Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( baker's yeast)
It is responsible to produce large amounts of CO2 gas due to this its fluffy.
Toddy - sap of palm (famous drink of southern india).
Ex. - 1. Swiss cheese - propionibacterium sharmaii.
2. Raquefort cheese - ripping by the specific fungus Penicillium roquefortii.
MICROBES IN INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
Production on a industrial scale, requires growing microbes in very large vessels called fermentors.
Fermented Beverage
Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisae
This is also called Bewer's yeast.
Beer, whisky, brandy, rum and wine.
Bewer's yeast is used for fermenting malted cereals and fruits juice to produce ethanol.
BEERS, WINE - produced without distillation.
WHISKY, BRANDY, & RUM - produced with distillation of fermented broth.
ANTIBIOTICS
First antibiotics are penicillin.
Pencillin produce by fungus penicillin notatum.
Anti- against. Biotics - microbes
Penicillin discovered by Alexander fleming in 1928.
It is also called chance discovery.
Penicillin chemical stop the bacteria growth.
Ernest chain and Howard florey was established effective use of antibiotic.
Penicillin extremely used in world war 2
to treatment of American soilders.
In 1945 - All these three scientists got noble prize.
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